Internet Protocol System

Internet protocols used to communicate packets of data across a network, and it is responsible for routing packets across network in these days. Any IP address is the way to communicate by identifying a host on a network using IP protocols.

Types of IP: It is basically two types one is IPv4, Which is most common and popular, and second one is IPv6 which is discovered to overcome of problems which found in IPv4.

IPv4:

• Have 32 bit addresses which is approximately 4 billion unique addresses.

• Causes most traffic.

• Easy ISP switching, network control, and inherent firewall.

• But the negative part is IP security complications, performance overhead and increase complexity.

• And address issue.

And this problem is overcome by IPv6:

• Have 128 bit which is approx. 3.4×10̂128 trillion -trillion times greater than 32bit addressing system.

• It shows autoconfiguration which means DHCP is not using at all.

• In this system mobility and security is mandatory, which means it is more secure than IPv4.

• Its having high routing efficiency, performance and forwarding rate.

• No broadcast and no checksum.

• It have high transition rate.

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Subnet Mask:

It is basically define and addressing IP address, which is made up of two different parts.

• Network Portion: Define network address.

• Host Portion: Defines host on the separate network.

And subnet mask is 32 bit numbers, which tells the router, which bits of the network addresses and which for host portion.

DNS Server:

Domain name system, server service which maps name to an IP address. It is used on TCP/IP networks like Internet to locate computer and services with user friendly.It supports special zone called global name zone to hold single-lable host name.

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