The liver and gallbladder secrete bile hinkle

GI: Ch 43 – 45

Ch 43

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Question 2 See full question 13s
After 20 seconds of auscultating for bowel sounds on a client recovering from abdominal surgery, the nurse hears nothing. What should the nurse do based on the assessment findings?

 Hinkle, J.L., & Cheever, K.H., Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical- Surgical Nursing, 14th ed., Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, 2018, Chapter 43: Assessment of Digestive and Gastrointestinal Function, Abdominal Inspection, Auscultation, Percussion, and Palpation, p. 1232.

Chapter 43: Assessment of Digestive and Gastrointestinal Function - Page 1232

Reference:

 Hinkle, J.L., & Cheever, K.H., Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical- Surgical Nursing, 14th ed., Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, 2018, Chapter 43: Assessment of Digestive and Gastrointestinal Function, Abdominal Ultrasonography, p. 1233.

FOBT can be done at the bedside, in the physician's office, or at home. The client is taught to avoid aspirin, red meats, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents, and horseradish for 72 hours prior to the examination. Ibuprofen (Advil) is an anti-inflammatory drug and should be avoided with FOBT.

Reference:

You Selected:
 Supine with knees flexed
Correct response:
 Supine with knees flexed
Explanation:
When examining the abdomen, the client lies supine with knees flexed. This position assists in relaxing the abdominal muscles. The lithotomy position commonly is used for a female pelvic examination and to examine the rectum. The knee-chest position can be used for a variety of examinations, most commonly the anus and rectum. The left Sim's lateral position may be used to assess the rectum or vagina and to administer an enema.

Reference:

You Selected:
 Inspection
Correct response:
 Inspection
Explanation:
When assessing the abdomen, the nurse would first inspect or observe the abdomen. This would be followed by auscultation, percussion, and lastly, palpation.

Reference:

After teaching the client about these tests, the nurse determines that the client has understood the teaching when the client identifies which test as not requiring the use of a contrast medium?

You Selected:

Question 8 See full question 20s
When preparing a client for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the abdomen, which statement would indicate the need to notify the health care provider?

You Selected:
 “I really don't like to be in small, enclosed spaces.”
Correct response:
 “I really don't like to be in small, enclosed spaces.”
Explanation:
An MRI scanner is a narrow, tunnel-like machine that will enclose the client during the test. Clients who are claustrophobic (fear enclosed spaces) may need sedation because it is imperative that they lie still and not panic during the test. Therefore, the nurse should notify the health care provider about the client's statement. Typically, the client is NPO for 6 to 8 hours before the test, and he or she must remove any metal objects, credit cards, jewelry, and watch before the test. The machine makes loud repetitive noises while the test is in progress, so earphones may be helpful.

Question 9 See full question 6s
Which of the following digestive enzymes aids in the digesting of starch?

You Selected:
 Amylase
Correct response:
 Amylase
Explanation:

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Question 10 See full question 12s
Which of the following is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of liver disease?

Question 11 See full question 13s
Gastrin has which of the following effects on gastrointestinal (GI) motility?

You Selected:
 Increased motility of the stomach
Correct response:
 Increased motility of the stomach
Explanation:
Gastrin has the following effects on GI motility: increased motility of the stomach, excitation of the colon, relaxation of ileocecal sphincter, and contraction of the gastroesophageal sphincter.

What part of the GI tract begins the digestion of food?

You Selected:
 Mouth
Correct response:
 Mouth
Explanation:
Food that contains starch undergoes partial digestion in the mouth when it mixes with the enzyme salivary amylase, which the salivary glands secrete. Food that contains starch undergoes partial digestion in the mouth.

You Selected:
 duodenum
Correct response:
 duodenum
Explanation:
The duodenum, which is approximately 10 inches long, is the first region of the small intestine and the site where bile and pancreatic enzymes enter.

Reference:

You Selected:
 intrinsic factor
Correct response:
intrinsic factor
Explanation:
Intrinsic factor, secreted by the gastric mucosa, combines with dietary vitamin B12 so that the vitamin can be absorbed in the ileum. In the absence of intrinsic factor, vitamin B12 cannot be absorbed and pernicious anemia results. Amylase is an enzyme that aids in

the digestion of starch. Pepsin, an important enzyme for protein digestion, is the end product of the conversion of pepsinogen from the chief cells. Digestive enzymes secreted by the pancreas include trypsin, which aids in digesting protein.

Question 15 See full question 32s
The nurse conducts education related to test preparation for a client scheduled to undergo an abdominal ultrasonography. The nurse should give the client which instruction?

You Selected:
 Restrict eating of solid food for 8 to 12 hours before the test.

Chapter 43: Assessment of Digestive and Gastrointestinal Function - Page 1234

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 Hinkle, J.L., & Cheever, K.H., Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical- Surgical Nursing, 14th ed., Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, 2018, Chapter 43: Assessment of Digestive and Gastrointestinal Function, p. 1235.

Chapter 43: Assessment of Digestive and Gastrointestinal Function - Page 1235

 The health care provider will be able to determine if there is a presence of bowel disease.

 The throat will be sprayed with a local anesthetic.

Reference:

 Hinkle, J.L., & Cheever, K.H., Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical- Surgical Nursing, 14th ed., Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, 2018, Chapter 43: Assessment of Digestive and Gastrointestinal Function, Upper Gastrointestinal ibroscopy/ Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, pp. 1237-1238.

You Selected:
 Bowel perforation
Correct response:
 Bowel perforation
Explanation:
Immediately after the test, the patient is monitored for signs and symptoms of bowel perforation (e.g., rectal bleeding, abdominal pain or distention, fever, focal peritoneal signs).

Reference:

You Selected:
Stomach
Correct response:
 Stomach
Explanation:
The upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract begins at the mouth and ends at the jejunum. Therefore, the stomach would be a component of the upper GI tract. The lower GI tract begins at the ileum and ends at the anus. The liver is considered an accessory structure.

Reference:

You Selected:
Hamburger and French fries

Correct response:
 Hamburger and French fries
Explanation:
Fatty foods delay stomach emptying (bloating) and can cause
symptoms of gastrointestinal upset. Fried and deep fried foods contain elevated amounts of fat. The other options have a lower fat content.

You Selected:
 Monitoring the stool passage and its color.

Correct response:
 Monitoring the stool passage and its color.

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Question 2 See full question 6s
The nurse is to obtain a stool specimen from a client who reported that he is taking iron supplements. The nurse would expect the stool to be which color?

Question 3 See full question 7s
A group of students are studying for an examination on the gastrointestinal (GI) system and are reviewing the structures of the esophagus and stomach. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which of the following as the opening between the stomach and duodenum?

You Selected:
 Pyloric sphincter
Correct response:
 Pyloric sphincter
Explanation:
The pyloric sphincter is the opening between the stomach and duodenum. The cardiac sphincter is the opening between the esophagus and the stomach. The hypopharyngeal sphincter or upper esophageal sphincter prevents food or fluids from re-entering the pharynx. The ileocecal valve is located at the distal end of the small intestine and regulates flow of intestinal contents into the large intestine.

Question 4 See full question 15s
Which of the following is an enzyme secreted by the gastric mucosa?

You Selected:
 Pepsin
Correct response:
 Pepsin
Explanation:
Pepsin is secreted by the gastric mucosa. Trypsin is secreted by the pancreas. The salivary glands secrete ptyalin. The liver and gallbladder secrete bile.

Question 5 See full question 6s
A client undergoing a diagnostic examination for gastrointestinal disorder was given polyethylene glycol/electrolyte solution as a part of the test preparation. Which of the following measures should the nurse take once the solution is administered?

You Selected:
Permit the client to drink only clear liquids.
Correct response:
 Permit the client to drink only clear liquids.

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Question 6 See full question 5s
The nurse recognizes which change of the GI system is an age-related change?

Question 7 See full question 6s
A client asks the nurse why the physician ordered the blood test carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The nurse answers:
You Selected:

 “It indicates if a cancer is present.”
Correct response:
 “It indicates if a cancer is present.”
Explanation:
The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) blood test detects the presence of cancer by identifying the presence of a protein not normally detected in the blood of a healthy person. However, it does not indicate what type of cancer is present nor does it detect the functionality of the liver.

Question 8 See full question 5s
The nurse prepares a client for a barium enema. The nurse should place the client on which diet prior to the procedure?

You Selected:
 clear liquids day before
Correct response:
 clear liquids day before
Explanation:
The nurse should place the client on clear liquids the evening before the procedure, a low-residue diet 1 to 2 days before the test, and NPO at midnight in preparation for the barium enema.

Question 9 See full question 32s
A client tells the nurse that the stool was colored yellow. The nurse assesses the client for You Selected:
 recent foods ingested.

Correct response:
 recent foods ingested.

Question 10 See full question 18s
The nurse is teaching the client about the upcoming endoscopic retrograde
cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Although the nurse instructs on several pertinent points of care, which is emphasized?

You Selected:
The client will change positions frequently throughout the 
procedure.

Chapter 43: Assessment of Digestive and Gastrointestinal unction - Page 1433

Question 1 See full question 47s
An older adult client is admitted to an acute care facility for treatment of an acute flare-up of a chronic gastrointestinal condition. In addition to assessing the client for complications of the current illness, the nurse monitors for age-related changes in the gastrointestinal tract. Which age-related change increases the risk of anemia?

Chapter 43: Assessment of Digestive and Gastrointestinal unction - Page 1228

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Chapter 43: Assessment of Digestive and Gastrointestinal unction - Page 1235

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 Hinkle, J.L., & Cheever, K.H., Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th ed., Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, 2018, Chapter 43: Assessment of Digestive and Gastrointestinal Function, Table 43-3, p. 1228.

Chapter 43: Assessment of Digestive and Gastrointestinal unction - Page 1228

 Hinkle, J.L., & Cheever, K.H., Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th ed., Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, 2018, Chapter 43: Assessment of Digestive and Gastrointestinal Function, Abdominal Inspection, Auscultation, Percussion, and alpation, p. 1231.

Chapter 43: Assessment of Digestive and Gastrointestinal Function - Page 1231

Reference:

 Hinkle, J.L., & Cheever, K.H., Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th ed., Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, 2018, Chapter 43: Assessment of Digestive and Gastrointestinal unction, Table 43-3, p. 1228.

Reference:

 Hinkle, J.L., & Cheever, K.H., Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th ed., Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer, 2018, Chapter 43: Assessment of Digestive and Gastrointestinal Function, Chewing and Swallowing, p. 1226.

 small bowel enteroscopy
Correct response:
 small bowel enteroscopy
Explanation:
py is the endoscopic examination and
visualization of the lumen of the small bowel. Colonoscopy is the examination of the entire large intestine with a flexible fiberoptic colonoscope. Panendoscopy is the examination of both the upper and lower GI tracts. Peritoneoscopy is the examination of GI structures through an endoscope inserted percutaneously through a small incision in the abdominal wall.

Reference:

You Selected:
 The stools may be a white or clay colored.

Correct response:
 The stools may be a white or clay colored.

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Question 9 See full question 9s
The nurse is instructing the client who was newly diagnosed with peptic ulcers. Which of the following diagnostic studies would the nurse anticipate reviewing with the client?

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Question 10 See full question 7s
The nurse prepares to administer the lavage solution to a client having a colostomy completed. The nurse stops and notifies the physician when noting that the client has which condition?

Question 1 See full question 7s
The nurse is caring for a man who has experienced a spinal cord injury. Throughout his recovery, the client expects to gain control of his bowels. The nurse's best response to this client would be which of the following?

You Selected:
 "Having a bowel movement is a spinal reflex requiring intact nerve fibers. Yours are not intact."
Correct response:
 "Having a bowel movement is a spinal reflex requiring intact nerve fibers. Yours are not intact."
Explanation:
The act of defecation is a spinal reflex involving the parasympathetic nerve fibers. Normally, the external anal sphincter is maintained in a state of tonic contraction. With a spinal cord injury, the client no longer has this nervous system control and is often incontinent.

Question 2 See full question 9s
A client presented with gastrointestinal bleeding 2 days ago and continues to have problems. The health care provider has ordered a visualization of the small intestine via a capsule endoscopy. What will the nurse include in the client education about this procedure?

You Selected:
 "You will need to swallow a capsule."
Correct response:
 "You will need to swallow a capsule."
Explanation:
A capsule endoscopy allows for noninvasive visualization of the small intestinal mucosa.