Islb islb means indian standard light gauge beams depth

Chandigarh University INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT: CIVIL
Bachelor of Engineering (Civil Engineering) Design of Metal Structures
CEA-403
7th Semester
Design of Metal
Structures

PO 3)

PO 4)

Ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering problems
Ability to identify, formulate, research literature and analyze complex engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics, natural sciences and engineering sciences;
Ability to design solutions for complex engineering problems and design systems, components or processes that meet specified needs with appropriate consideration for public health and safety, cultural, societal, and environmental considerations;
Ability to conduct investigation into complex problems using research based knowledge and research methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis of information to provide valid conclusions;
Ability to create, select and apply appropriate techniques, resources and modern engineering and IT tools, including prediction and modeling, to complex engineering activities, with an understanding of the limitations
Ability to apply reasoning informed by contextual knowledge to assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to professional engineering practice;
Ability to understand the impact of professional engineering solutions in societal and environmental contexts and demonstrate knowledge of and need for sustainable development;
Ability to apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms of engineering practice

2.Students will be able with the design criteria to design the industrial building Students will be able to explain the importance of lateral and longitudinal bracing for industrial building.

3.Students will be able to explain the importance of Aluminum Cold Framed Sections and Composite Materials in modern world. Student will be able to design the criteria involved during designing of aluminum cold framed sections and composite materials.

		DESIGN OF METAL STRUCTURES		L	T	P	C
		Total contact hours : 51		3 cture a	0 nalysis	0	3
				3 cture a	0 nalysis	0	3

Marks 100
Internal (40)			External (60)
Course Objective
To Impart knowledge and ability to design various steel structures.
Unit
I
II.	Students will be able to understand the importance of various types of load used in designing the Bridge structures.
III.	Students will become aware about the importance of Cold Framed Sections, end plate moment connections and lateral and longitudinal bracing for metal buildings.

UNIT-III (15 Hours)

Introduction to metal buildings along with various standard terms and definitions, Codes,

2) Design of steel structures: N Subramanian

3) Limit state design of steel structures: S K Duggal

Contents

1.Metal Structures: Structural metal is a category of metal used as a construction material for making structural metal shapes. A structural metal shape is a profile, formed with a specific cross section and following certain standards for chemical composition and mechanical properties.

2.Girder: Girder means a major beam frequently at wide spacing that supports small beams.

1. Lap Joint - single riveted and double riveted
2. Butt joint – single cover and double cover
11.rivet value: The least of the strengths in shearing and bearing is the rivet value
12. gauge distance:The perpendicular distance between two gauge lines, is called gauge distance 13. modes of failure of a riveted joint
1. Tearing failure of the plate
2.Shear failure of the plate
3.Shear failure of the rivet
4.Bearing failure of the rivet
5.Splitting failure of plate
14. the neutral axis lie in the rivet group:It is assumed that the line of rotation lies at a distance of 1/7 th of the effective bracket depth from the bottom of the bracket
15. Bearing Plate : A plate provided below a beam or truss ends, to transfer its end reaction to the masonry wall or column.

16. Beam-Column: A column that is subjected to axial compressive load as well as bending moments.

21. Elastic critical moment: Critical bending moment capacity of a beam section undergoing lateral torsional buckling.

26. Joists: Beams supporting the floors and roofs of buildings.

27. Latticed Girder: A parallel chord Truss.

32. permissible stresses:

Permissible stresses =

36. Unstiffened seat connection: The seated connection is a horizontal angle with its horizontal leg at its top is used to receive the beam on it, in such a case it is called unstiffened seat.

connection

1. Short columns - l/r <60
2. Medium columns - 60< l/r <100
3. Long columns - l/r >100
41. Column: Columns are the vertical members which carry the loads to the beams, slabs etc, generally they are used in ordinary buildings.

46. Column base: The base of the column is designed in such a way to distribute the concentrated column load over a definite area and to ensure connection of the lower column end to the foundation. It should be in adequate strength, stiffness and area to spread the load upon the concrete or other foundations without exceeding the allowable stress.

47. Slab base: The base plate connected to the bottom of the column to transfer over wider area is known as slab base. Column end is machined to transfer the load by direct bearing. No gusset materials are required.

51. Laterally supported beams: The beams which are provided with the lateral supports either by embedding the compression flange in the concrete slab or by providing effective intermediate (support) restraints at a number of points to restrain the lateral buckling is called laterally supported beams.

IMPORTANT /FUNDAMENTALS/ THEOREMS

Principles of plastic analysis
Fundamental conditions for plastic analysis
(i) Mechanism condition: The ultimate or collapse load is reached when a mechanism is formed. The number of plastic hinges developed should be just sufficient to form a mechanism.

(ii) Equilibrium condition : ∑ Fx = 0, ∑ Fy = 0, ∑ Mxy = 0
(iii) Plastic moment condition: The bending moment at any section of the structure should not be more than the fully plastic moment of the section.

I. Lower Bound Theorem [P] (Static Theorem)
An external load computed on the basis of an assumed distribution of internal forces, in which • the forces are bounded by limit values, and
• the forces are in equilibrium, is less than or equal to the true collapse load.

II. Upper Bound Theorem [D] (Kinematic Theorem)
An external load computed on the basis of an assumed mechanism, in which • the forces are in equilibrium,
is always greater than or equal to the true collapse load.

3 Vertical compressions due to concentrated loads.

Intermediate stiffeners are required for plate girders

curtailed.

Name the components of a plate girder.

1 Web plate
2 Flange plate
3 Flange angles
4 Web splice plates
5 Flange splice plates
6 Vertical or transverse stiffeners
7 Bearing stiffeners
8 Longitudinal or horizontal stiffeners
9 End bearings or end connections

The plate girders are used in the buildings where the span is more and heavy loads are expected

and in the bridges. Most commonly they are used in the bridges.

buildings such as factories, workshops, steel works etc., to lift heavy materials, equipment etc.,

to carry them from one location to the other, within the building.

Bracing

Bracing is required to resist horizontal loading in pin-jointed buildings, including roof trusses. Bracing of roof trusses and supporting columns provide still rigid structure. When wind blows normal to the inclined surface of the trusses, it is efficiently resisted by all the members of the truss and the wind forces are transferred to the supports at the ends of the truss.

4 Zinc sheets

5 Glass

1. The size of base plate should be sufficient so that the bearing pressure does not exceed the permissible value.

2. Anchor bolts should be provided at one end to accommodate the thermal expansion of the truss.

It is a supporting angle provided at the junction of the top and bottom chords of a truss. The reaction of the truss is transferred to the supports through the shoe angle. It is supported on the base plate.

Panel point
These are the prominent points along the principal rafter, at which various members (i.e. ties and struts) meet. The distance of the principal rafter between any two panel point is termed as panel.

2. Lay out and general design of the structural framing system with special attention to furnishing lateral resistance, and Consideration of highly loaded and critical sections with provision of reinforcement as required.

3. Structures should not be brittle or collapse suddenly rather they should not be tough, able to deflect or deform a considerable amount.

Important Statements

addition, it is important for the designer to understand some overarching principles of good

design – so that the result is not only sensible but is also ‘good’.

3The design process

Stages of a project

Scheme design - Looking at and developing options.

Detailed design - Of the various components and elements.

Rolled sections should only be specified in grade Fe 415 steel (or higher grade) steel to ensure availability as well as performance benefits. However, for the fittings (plates used for connections etc.), many steelwork contractors prefer grade Fe 415 steel. Again, a key is to avoid mixing steel grades for components that look otherwise identical as this facilitates quality assurance.