Her illness has significant morbidity and fatality rate all

Case Study 1- Maria

Maria is a sedentary, 68-year-old woman who is overweight. She complains that her hands and feet are always cold, and she tires quickly when cleaning the house. At her most recent visit to her doctor, her blood pressure was 184/98 mm Hg. She has edema around her ankles and legs, and her physician is concerned about an echocardiogram that indicates Maria has an enlarged heart.

Maria leads a sedentary lifestyle, therefore she may never feel discomfort and her main symptom is chilly hands and feet. Maria is predisposed to hypoxia. Her circulatory system is stressed, as her blood pressure demonstrates. Her heart isn't performing properly, as demonstrated by swollen ankles and an irregular echocardiography. Her sedentary lifestyle may be hiding the severity of her peripheral artery disease. Maria's damaged cardiovascular system may fail if her body was pushed, whether via physical exercise or mental stress. Maria is at danger of a clot in an artery, a vein, her heart, or her brain, which would result in full hypoxia. Her illness has a significant morbidity and fatality rate.

All in all, tissue ischemia means that there is blood deficiency in the tissues. Maria will have tissue ischemia because of the impaired circulation due to perfusion of tissues. Moreover, her hands and feet are cold which are symptoms. This might lead to hypoxia because her enlarged heart which causing hypertrophy of the cells affects cardiac output, and tissues will lack oxygen.

Hypertrophy increases a cells size to try to accommodate an increased demand on an organ or tissue. In Marias case, heart muscle cells cannot increase in number to meet an increased workload, so they try to adapt by increasing the amount of useable product in the cell themselves. Actin, myosin, and cell enzymes are all increased in an attempt to compensate for the demand of more force (Porth, 2014). Marias heart is enlarged, her blood pressure is high, she has swelling to her ankles, and exertion shortness of breath. All are classic signs of heart failure. If secondary factors such as obesity, peripheral artery disease, and blood pressure are not controlled, Maria's heart will eventually fail

Porth, C. (2014). Essentials of pathophysiology: Concept of altered states. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer.