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carries results information from the computer the

Carries results information from the computer the user

Chapter 1

1 A set of instructions that a computer needs to carry out its tasks is known as a program .
2

Data is a set of raw facts and figures.

3

Input devices are used to get the data and instructions into the computer for processing.

4 A computer system consists of both hardware and software .
5 Processing takes place in that part of the computer known as the
central processing unit (CPU)
.
6 The control unit (CU) directs and coordinates all the activities within the CPU.
7 A machine cycle is the sequence of instructions performed to execute one program
8
9
10

time.

Output devices translate information processed by the computer into a form that the user

1 Data and information are the same.
False
2 Computer science is the study of both computer hardware and software design.
True
3
4

All the data is processed in the memory unit.

False
5 The CU sends data from the memory to the ALU for processing.
True
6

Output devices translate information processed by the computer into a form that the user can

understand.
True
7
8 Input, processing and output are the three stages of data processing.
True
9

10 Technology has improved communities by providing better communications systems.

True

1
1

a The study of data, data processing and information management

b The use of computer hardware, software and telecommunications devices to store, manipulate, convert, protect, send and receive data

2
a Keyboard b Mouse
c Register
d Speakers
3

b memory device.

c set of instructions.

d register.

4
b Control unit
d Printer
5

a a flash drive.

b the main memory.
6

c a sound card.

c Processes instructions

d Fetches data for required instructions

7

The speed at which a CPU processes data to convert it, is measured in:

b gigahertz.
8 c gigabytes. d terabytes.
9

d are needed to hold the program that is being used.

The main memory of a computer is also referred to as:

a immediate access store.

a Keeping track of student progress

b Better teamwork

c Entertainment
d Enhanced productivity
1
2

A computer is a programmable electronic device, which processes data following a set of instructions. It is a single device to which peripherals can be attached.

A computer system refers all the hardware and software required for the computer to work. This includes the computer itself plus the monitor, keyboard, mouse, printer and any other peripherals needed.

3

Define the terms ‘hardware’ and ‘software’.

4

Hardware is all the physical parts of the computer system that you can see and touch.

5

Draw a diagram showing the THREE stages of processing.

6

Diagram to show the three stages of processing: Input → Processing → Output

Output is displaying the average on the screen or printing it on paper.

7
8

CPU

ALU

Secondary

storage

9

a Input device

b Output device

10 State FIVE reasons why computers are used.

The reasons why computers are used:
• for their data-processing speed
• for their data-processing accuracy
• for storing large amounts of information in a small space

for their ability to work continuously • they allow us to communicate easily with people all around the world.

b List THREE ways that technology has enhanced productivity at the workplace.

a Ways in which technology has made our lives easier in our homes: • Family members can stay in touch using cell phone text and calls.

(Any three)
b Ways that technology has enhanced productivity at the workplace: • Technology allows for greater collaboration.

• It allows for better organisation.

a Explain TWO ways in which technology can be used to assist the teacher.

b Describe an example of how you use technology to assist you with your studies.

• Immediate exam feedback will help students focus and correct what they did wrong while it is still fresh in their minds.

• Activities involving technology, such as video playing, helps to motivate students.

1

b Create a table with the name of the manufacturer and their latest processors.

2

a Examples of the names of three manufacturers of computer processors are:

Name of manufacturer

AMD Ryzen 9 3950X DirectX 12.00

Ingenic

Use the internet or conduct research to find out about the negative impacts of computers in:

a the school.

b
d

a In the school:
• loss of good handwriting skills
• development of repetitive strain injuries if using computers too much or for too long if computers are placed at the wrong height or at a badly designed workstation
• vision impairment from looking at the screen for too long
• more opportunities for cheating
• source of distraction.

b In the home:
• negative impact on friendships and family relationships
• computer addiction
• drowsiness, difficulty concentrating, and depression of the immune system as a result of lack of sleep in a family member who is addicted
• depression
• children being bullied on social media
• lack of exercise, which can lead to poor overall physical condition and even obesity
• repetitive strain injuries from pressing buttons on a computer or games controller.

3

morale

• distraction of employees if they read personal emails or do internet

• expensive to set up, so many people may not be able to afford it, therefore

creating a digital divide in society

Analyse the data and present the information to your teacher.

Students’ data and results will vary.

Crossword

5
M

E
O M P O N E N T
6 S
O O
R F
Y
A T A
W
7
A
R O C E S S O R
R E
I
P
H
E

4
H

A R D W A R E
A
L
S

Across

1
2
3
4

Down

5

The part that holds data and instructions, which the computer is processing at the time (6)

6
7

Chapter 2

T ypes of computers and smart devices

1
2
3

full-sized laptop.

Data can be entered through the digitising tablet with the use of a special pen called a

An embedded computer is a special-purpose computer that is used inside a device to

A video game console is a highly specialised desktop computer used to play video games. A game controller is used by players to interact with computer games.

The Apple Watch® is an example of a wearable computer.

10 The vacuum tube or valve was the main electronic component of first -generation computers.
1 A laptop computer is a portable version of a PC.
True
2 Notebooks are just as powerful as a desktop PC.
True
3 Notebooks cost less than a desktop PC.
False
4 A mainframe can handle more than a thousand users at one time.
True
5 An embedded computer is housed on a single microprocessor board.
True
6
False
7 High-level programming languages were used in third-generation computers.

True

8 Fifth-generation computers use ultra-large-scale integration (ULSI) chips.
True
9 The Cray T3E 900 and GRAPE are examples of personal computers.
False
10 The most popular computers today are mainframe computers.
False

New edition Log on to IT

9
1
b electronic computer.

c computer with integrated circuits.

d microcomputer.

2
b supercomputers.
3

The main component that formed the basis for second-generation computers was:

a vacuum tubes.

d transistors.
4

b 1945–1956.

c 1956–1963.

d 1964–1970.
5
d Fourth generation
6

All of the following are portable computers except:

a laptop computers.

d video game consoles.
7

a a keyboard.

b a mouse.

d all of these
8
a a wearable computer.
b an embedded computer.
9

An embedded computer can be found in a:

a laptop computer.

c washing machine.
d netbook computer.

b Desktop computer

c Wearable computer

d Embedded computer
1
2

The features of a personal computer (PC), also called desktop computer or microcomputer, are:
• They are the most common type pf computer.

• They are designed to be used by one person at a time and can usually fit on an office desk.

3

A mainframe computer focuses on problems that are limited by input/output and reliability.

A supercomputer focuses mainly on problems that are limited by calculation speed.

• A mainframe can handle thousands of users simultaneously (at the same time).

• Mainframes perform tasks that require a lot of computational power. These tasks typically involve bulk data processing such as bank transaction processing.

4

a Explain the term ‘wearable computer’.

5

c Three applications used by wearable computers are:• healthcare monitoring systems
• general-purpose computing
• sensory integration.

a

What is a supercomputer?

6

Students may have other answers. Accept any that are correct.

c Two examples of supercomputers that are currently in use:• CRAY Titan
• IBM Sequoia.

a

computers.

b Some of the features of fifth-generation computers:

7

List the component that formed the basis of the first four generations of computers.

8

The component that formed the basis of the first four generations of computers: First generation – vacuum tubes
Second generation – transistors
Third generation – integrated circuit (IC) chip
Fourth generation – very large-scale integration (VLSI) chip.

a

b A digital computer uses 0 or 1 as separate bits.

A quantum computer represents both a 1 and a 0 at the same time. A qubit consists of 2 bits and is the basic unit of quantum physics.

Research questions

1
b

c A newspaper reporter

d

A sales representative

2

Do research on the internet and make a list of the top FIVE personal computers and laptop

computers at present.

3
• Adamant Professional PC

Dell G5 Gaming Desktop

Make sure that students can justify their choices with reasoning.

U
A I N F R A M E
N
A B
4 L
E T
U A
M P
5 N
E T B O O K
O O
T P
E
B
O
O
K

Across

2

Very large, powerful computers (9)

3
1

A type of computer that works by using qubits (7)

4

A portable version of a personal computer (6)

5 A computer that can be tucked easily into a briefcase or backpack, or simply under your arm (8)

Questions and answers 3

Fill in the blanks

1
operation are called peripherals .

The first stage of getting data into a computer is known as data capture .

Documents on which data is first recorded before it is entered into a computer are known as

An ergonomics keyboard is designed for comfort and usability.
1 Input devices are pieces of equipment that are used to put data into the computer.
True
2 Data can only be entered manually into a computer.
False
3 Source documents are documents that are output by the computer.
False
4
True
5

Drawings and sketches can be entered easily onto the computer using the digitising tablet.

True

6

An OCR reader can only read typed documents.
False
A stylus is a pen-like pointing device for a graphics/digitising tablet.
True
OMR readers are used for assessing multiple-choice examinations or questionnaires given out
by market researchers.
True
A sound card is used to digitise sound information into a form that the computer can
understand.
True

maintaining security.

False

1

b Trackball

c Touchpad

2

c MICR

d Barcodes

3

d Barcodes

4

Body and facial movements are used in:

5

All of these are special-function keyboards except:

a QWERTY.

6
7

flight simulators?

a Joystick

digital form?

a MICR
c Scanner

1

a Why do computers need input devices?

b Give THREE examples of manual input devices.

2

b Data capture

c Source document

3

entered into the computer.

a

Give TWO examples of applications where data is captured directly from the source.

4

b After the data has been captured at the source it is entered directly into the

computer.

d a person playing computer games?

a A blind person could use a Braille keyboard.

5

a What is a computer ‘pointing device’?

6

a A computer pointing device is used by graphical operating systems such as Windows to show the motion of a pointer, or cursor, and enable the control and selection of objects on the screen.

b An example of a pointing device is a mouse.

b Explain the differences in the way each mouse operates.

7

pointing stick mouse, which is a way to control a laptop and is an alternative to an optical mouse or a trackball mouse

touchpad mouse, which is the flat pad on a laptop for moving the cursor

• The optical mouse can slide over most surfaces, as it does not have a ball. A small beam of red light bounces off the surface into a sensor. The sensor sends coordinates to the computer, which move the pointer/cursor on the monitor or screen. A mouse can be wired (attached to the computer by a USB cable) or wireless (connected by radiofrequency (RF) technology).

• The trackball mouse has a large ball on top rather than under it. You roll the ball with the palm of your hand or fingers. Some laptops have a built-in trackball mouse, with buttons placed close by to allow you to select features on the screen.

a Joystick

b Digitising tablet

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