EGH422 Advanced Thermodynamics Practical Report

ANSYS considers the specific heat capacity and density to be constant throughout. It disregards changes with respect to temperature. The effect of the surroundings on the heat exchanger performance was also not considered. Additionally, a mesh convergence study was not carried out. A mesh refinement analysis is imperative to conduct as it ensures results are accurate.

Answer:

Aim

The main aim of this experiment is to calculate the amount of heat transfer in four different types of heat exchangers. For heat transfer calculation, values of overall heat transfer coefficient, area of heat exchangers, mean temperature difference is required which is calculated from inlet and outlet temperature of hold and cold fluid measured experimentally .

Experimental Data

• Flow rate measurement meter for both cold and hot water .
• Cold and hot water supply system. 

• Temperature measurement device for cold and holt fluid at inlet and outlet flow .
• Cross-flow Heat Exchanger
  • Number of tubes = 60 tubes
  • Length of tube = 350 mm
  • Inner tube diameter Di= 5.6 mm
  • Outer tube diameter Do= 7.0 mm
  • Thermal conductivity = 339 W/mK
• Copper Double Pipe Heat Exchanger
  • Length of tube = 1220 mm
  • Inner tube diameter Di= 13.8 mm
  • Outer tube diameter Do= 15.9 mm
  • Thermal conductivity = 339 W/mK
• Aluminium Double Pipe Heat Exchanger
  • Length of tube = 1220 mm
  • Inner tube diameter Di= 12.6 mm
  • Outer tube diameter Do= 15.9 mm
  • Thermal conductivity = 154 W/mK
• Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
  • Number of tubes = 28 tubes
  • Length of tube = 200 mm
  • Inner tube diameter Di= 5.52 mm
  • Outer tube diameter Do= 6.35 mm
  • Thermal conductivity = 339 W/Mk

1. For double pipe aluminium heat exchanger , set up a control valves for parallel flow with cold water in outer pipe and hot water in inner pipes .
2. Flow rates of hot and cold water should be limited to minimum value of nearly ¼ of full flow .
3. To operate the heat exchanger in steady state condition, stop the temperature variations in outlet water pipe .
4. Note down the temperature and mass flow rates from inlet and outlet water (hot and cold ) from measuring instruments .
5. Repeat the temperature and flow rate measurement for 4 different process mentioned below:-

• ¼  flow of hot water with ¼ flow of cold water
• ½ flow of hot water with ½ flow of cold water
• ¾ flow of hot water with ¾ flow of cold water
• full flow of hot water with full flow of cold water

6. For double pipe aluminium heat exchanger , set up a control valves for counter flow with cold water in outer pipe and hot water in inner pipes and repeat the process 1 to 4 for full flow .
7. For double pipe copper heat exchanger , set up a control valves for counter flow with cold water in outer pipe and hot water in inner pipes and repeat the process 1 to 4 for full flow .
8. Repeat the process 1 to 4 for shell and tube type heat exchanger as hot water in tubes and cold water in shell .
9. Repeat the process 1 to 4 for cross flow heat exchanger as hot water in tubes and cold water across the tubes .

Experimental Data

Table 2:  Copper Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Parallel Flow Data

For copper double pipe heat exchanger, flow between hot and cold fluid is counter flow .The data obtained from experiment is noted down in table shown below.

Table 5:  Shell and tube type Heat Exchanger Counter Flow Data 

For Cross flow type heat exchanger, flow between hot and cold fluid is perpendicular.The data obtained from experiment is noted down in table shown below.

Calculations

 – Mass flow rate in Kg/s

 – Specific Heat Capacity =4.18 kJ/kgK for water

For hot water   

For cold water   

RESLUTS

Table 8:  Aluminum Double Pipe Heat Exchange Parallel Flow Heat Transfer Data

Table 11:  Copper Double Pipe Heat Exchange counter Flow Heat Transfer Data

Table 12:  Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Heat Transfer Data

are completely depend on the type of the heat exchanger  

Table 14:  Heat Exchanger Temperature difference (Rennie, Vijaya ,2015)

 = 304.67 K

All the calculations done as per above procedure and added in table .

T1 – Cold Water Inlet Temperature

T2 – Cold Water Outlet Temperature

 = 304.32 K

All the calculations done as per above procedure and added in table .

Calculation for Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient  

   is overall heat transfer coefficient

Calculation of overall heat transfer coefficient for aluminium heat exchanger in parallel

Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient is calculated using the formula

 (Warren ,Eckert ,2009) 

Conclusion

References

Kay J M & Nedderman R M (2010) ,Fluid Mechanics and Transfer Processes, Cambridge University Press

Randall, David J.; Warren W. Burggren; Kathleen French; Roger Eckert (2009). Eckert physiology: Heat exchanger mechanisms and adaptations. Macmillan. p. 587. ISBN 0-7167-3863-5.

Rennie, Timothy J. (2014). Numerical And Experimental Studies Of A Doublepipe Helical Heat Exchanger (PDF) (Ph.D.). Montreal: McGill University. pp. 3–4.

Xu, B., Shi, J., Wang, Y., Chen, J., Li, F., & Li, D. (2014). Experimental Study of Fouling Performance of Air Conditioning System with Microchannel Heat Exchanger.

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