Muscle of Medial Fascial Compartment Of The Thigh Assignment Help

The area between pelvis and the knee is termed as thigh. Thigh has a single bone called femur and is mainly covered by five important muscles, namely: Sarsotius muscle, Quadriceps femoris muscle, Adductor longus muscle, Hamstring muscle and femoral triange. Thigh is grouped into three major compartments, called anterior, posterior and medial compartment and all these three compartments are separated by fascia.

Focusing on the main topic of this article, there are five important muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh, namely; gracilis, Pectineus, adductor brevis, adductor longus and adductor magus. These muscles of medial compartment are together called hip adductors that adduct the thigh. Medial compartment of thigh is supplied by obturator nerve L2, 3, 4 and the arterial supply is through obturator artery.

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Abductor longus

It is big and flat in shape.
Originates from medial portion of superior pubis ramus.
It forms the medial border of femoral triangle and expands into a fan shape therefore inserting to linea aspera in femur.
Posteriorly it is connected by adductor brevis and adductor magnus and anteriorly with the fascia lata.
It is innervated by obturator nerve.
Helps in adduction and medial turning of thigh.

Adductor brevis

This muscle is short and lies beneath the adductor lungus.
It originates from inferior pubis ramus.
This muscle inserts into aspera of femur.
Anteriorly it is connected with pectineus and adductor longus and posteriorly with adductor magnus and at the outer border with the obturator externus.
It is innervated by obturator nerve.
Helps in Adduction of the thigh.

Muscle of Medial Fascial Compartment Of The Thigh

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Gracilis

It is the most superficial muscle of the medial compartment.
It originates from pubis symphysis and inferior pubis ramus.
This muscle inserts into medial tibia.
Internally it is in relation with the fascia lata and exteriorly it is connected to adductor longus, brevis and magnus.
It is innervated by obturator nerve.
Helps in adduction of thigh and flexon of leg.

Pectineus

It is flat muscle, quadrangular in shape.
It originates from pubis.
This muscle inserts into lesser trochanter.
It is connected to fascia lata at the anterior surface, posteriorly with capsule of hip joint, obturator externus and adductor brevis, externally with psoas major and internally with outer edge of adductor longus.
It is supplied by femoral nerve.
Helps in adduction, hip flexon and medial rotation.

Adductor magnus

It is largest muscle of medial compartment.
Adductor magnus is further classified into two parts namely: adductor part and hamstring part.
Adductor part patents from inferior rami of pubis and the rami of ischium which then attaches to aspera of the femur.
The hamstring originates from ischial tuberosity and then attaches to adductor tubercle on distal and medial side of femur.
Anteriorly it is connected pectineus, adductor brevis and adductor longus, posteriorly with semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps and gluteus maximum muscle. Internally it is linked with gracilis and Sartorius and by its upper border with obturator externus and quadratus femoris.
Adductor part is supplied by obturator nerve and hamstring part is supplied by tibial nerve.
Both these parts help in flexing and extending the thigh.

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Image references:
http://memorize.com/adductor-longus/kms013
http://medicina.ronnie.cz/img/data/clanky/normal/1862_1.jpg
http://www.sportsinjuryclinic.net/media/Hip_and_groin/adductor-magnus185.jpg

MUSCLE	ORIGIN	INSERTION	NERVE SUPPLY	NERVE ROOTS	ACTION
GRACILIS	Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium	Upper part of shaft of tibia on medial surface	Obturator nerve	L2,3	Adducts thigh at hip joints ;flex leg at knee joint
Adductor longus	Body of pubis, medial to pubic tubercle	Posterior surface of saft of femur	Obturator nerve	L2,3,4	Adducts thigh at hip joint & assist in lateral rotation
Adductor bravis	Inferior ramus of pubis	Posterior surface of saft of femur	Obturator nerve	L2,3,4	Adducts thigh at hip joint & assist in lateral rotation
Adductor magnus	Inferior ramus of pubis,ramus of ischium, ischial tuberosity	Posterior surface of saft of femur	Obturator nerve & sciatic nerve	L2,3,4	Adducts thigh at hip joint & assist in lateral rotation
Pectineus	Superior ramus of pubis	Upper end of linea aspra of shaft of femur	Femoral nerve	L2,3	Flexes and adducts thigh at hip joint

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