Chemistry Assignment Help With Solid State
Solid State Assignment Help
10.1 Classification of Solids
Solids can be broadly classified into two types: (1) Crystalline and (2) Amorphous
10.1.1 Classification of Crystalline Solids
On the basis of the nature of the constituent particles, and the inter particle forces, crystalline solids may be divided into four classes:
(a) Molecular solids (b) Covalent solids (c) Metallic solids (d) Ionic solids
| Characteristic | Molecular Solids | Covalent Network | Metallic Solids | Ionic Solids | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1. |
Units that occupy Lattice points |
Atoms or molecules |
Atoms |
Positive ions in a ‘sea of electrons’ |
Positive and negative ions |
| 2. | Binding forces |
Van der Waal’s forces (weak intermolecular forces) of following two types |
Covalent bonding |
Metallic bonding (extreme deloc- alised bond)–positively charged atomic cores |
ionic bonding |
|
3. | Physical properties |
(i) Very soft. |
(i) Very hard |
(i) Hard or soft | (i) Quite hard and brittle (ii) Fairly high melting points |
| 4. | Examples | Solid Ne, Solid NH3, ice (solid H2O), dry ice (solid CO2) | Diamond, Carborundum (SiC), quartz(SiO2) | Cu, Fe, Ag | NaCl, KNO3 Na2SO4 |
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