Chemistry Assignment Help with Factors That Alter Equilibrium State

5.7 Factors That Alter Equilibrium State (Le Chatelier’s Principle)

If a system at equilibrium is subjected to a change in concentration, pressure and temperature, the equilibrium shifts in the direction that tends to nullify the effect of the change.

(i) Effect of change in concentration:

If reactants are added-forward reaction is favoured. If products are added-backward reaction is favoured.

(ii) Effect of temperature:

Chemistry Assignment Help Order Now For exothermic process - increase in temperature favours backward reaction and vice versa.

For endothermic process - increase in temperature favours forward reaction and vice versa.

(iii) Effect of pressure: (for gaseous species only)

If pressure is increased, then process will move in that direction where number of moles of gaseous species are fewer and vice versa.

(iv) Introduction of inert gas:

If inert gas is added at

(a) Constant volume - no effect on equilibrium.

(b) Constant pressure - process will move in that direction where number of moles of gaseous species are greater.

5.7.1 Simultaneous Equilibrium

If same species undergoes more than one equilibrium process at the same time, then process is called simultaneous equilibrium. e.g. Let two equilibria are established in separate container.

pressure equilibrium

and equilibrium temperature

Since x is common that’s why if we take both the substance A and B in same container, x will affect both the equilibrium

chemical equilibrium

equilibrium equation

Where a and b be the contributions of both the equilibrium process.

Now chemical equilibrium

While equilibrium constants

Factors That Alter Equilibrium State

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